Elizabeth is a village in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, United States. The population was 761 at the 2010 census. Prior to European contact, the area where the village stands today was inhabited by the people of the Sac and Fox Nation. It is believed that white settlers had moved into the area starting in the early 1800s due to the prominence of lead in the …Elizabeth is a village in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, United States. The population was 761 at the 2010 census. Prior to European contact, the area where the village stands today was inhabited by the people of the Sac and Fox Nation. It is believed that white settlers had moved into the area starting in the early 1800s due to the prominence of lead in the earth. These mines that were built in Jo Daviess County are considered to be what triggered the 1832 Black Hawk War and the devastating Bad Axe Massacre. The Apple River Fort was built in response to this conflict and on June 24 a battle ensued. The injury and death toll is unknown. This is considered the last Native American offensive battle east of the Mississippi River.
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